Recently, it was reported by China's Ministry of Science and Technology that several key projects have been included in the 2014 call for proposals under the National High-Tech Research and Development Program (863 Program) and the National Science and Technology Support Program. Among the selected projects are research initiatives focused on fog and haze monitoring, advanced design technologies for large passenger aircraft, and construction techniques for highways in high-altitude and cold regions.
The project on haze monitoring and numerical prediction model systems is part of the National Science and Technology Support Program, specifically within the resources and environment sector. The main objectives of this initiative include developing advanced haze monitoring technologies, establishing a comprehensive atmospheric composition database, analyzing the formation mechanisms of haze weather, and creating an operational numerical forecasting system. This system aims to provide early warning technologies for the impact of haze on aviation, highway traffic, urban mobility, and maritime transport. The ultimate goal is to achieve high-resolution, accurate forecasts of haze conditions within a 0–72 hour window, including details such as the time, duration, intensity, and geographical distribution of haze events.
In addition to the haze-related project, the 2014 call for proposals under the 863 Program and the National Science and Technology Support Plan also covers various transportation-related technologies. These include pre-study research for large passenger aircraft design, intelligent control systems for urban traffic, maintenance technologies for transportation infrastructure, pure electric bus development, critical ship technologies, and smart transportation networking control systems, along with major infrastructure construction techniques for transportation.
One of the highlighted projects is the dual-channel large passenger aircraft advanced design technology. This initiative will explore future operational scenarios for two-channel passenger aircraft, develop aero-structural flight dynamics modeling, and implement digital virtual simulation technologies for flight and operation. It will also focus on airworthiness compliance, flight performance, and fuel efficiency evaluation methods. The project aims to create a comprehensive performance evaluation platform for the dual-channel aircraft concept and conduct demonstration tests to validate its feasibility.
Another significant project involves the construction of expressways in high-altitude and cold regions, particularly focusing on the challenges posed by the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau’s extreme environment. These include permafrost, low oxygen levels, and ecological fragility. The project will study the layout of expressways in these areas, conduct engineering exploration in permafrost regions, design roads suitable for low-temperature and low-oxygen conditions, and develop technologies to control and stabilize large-scale permafrost roadbed deformations. Field demonstrations have already been carried out to test the effectiveness of these solutions.
Picnic backpack is a type of backpack designed specifically for carrying everything you need for a picnic. It typically includes compartments and pockets for storing food, drinks, utensils, plates, and other picnic essentials.
A typical picnic backpack may include the following:
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Insulated compartment: This compartment is designed to keep your food and drinks cool for hours. It is usually lined with thermal material to maintain the temperature of the food.
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Utensil compartment: This compartment is designed to hold utensils such as knives, forks, spoons, and bottle openers.
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Plate and glass holders: These are usually attached to the sides of the backpack and are designed to hold plates, glasses, and cups.
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Napkin holder: This is a small pocket or strap designed to hold napkins.
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Blanket: Some picnic backpacks also come with a built-in blanket that can be rolled up and stored in a compartment.
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Other accessories: Some picnic backpacks may also include salt and pepper shakers, cutting boards, cheese knives, and other picnic accessories.
Picnic backpacks come in different sizes, styles, and designs. They can be made of different materials such as canvas, polyester, or nylon. Some backpacks may also be waterproof or water-resistant to protect your food and drinks from getting wet in case of rain.
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