The Characteristics of Enamel Porcelain:
Enamel porcelain is known for its elegant and refined forms. Most pieces are small, including plates, bowls, cups, bottles, boxes, and pots. Among these, bowls and plates are the most common, but each type has unique variations. There are also rare examples of Yixing purple sand pottery with painted exteriors, which are highly valued in the collector's market.
One of the most remarkable features of enamel porcelain is the meticulous craftsmanship involved in producing the base (fetus). The walls are extremely thin, evenly shaped, and tightly bonded. This high-quality base allows for a smooth, fine glaze that is exceptionally white, with no imperfections such as brown spots or uneven coverage. Such purity has earned it the praise of “white as jade.â€
Enamel porcelain is distinguished by its fine porcelain body, dignified color palette, vibrant and beautiful glazes, and intricate painting. The production process was very labor-intensive, and after the Qianlong period, it gradually declined. Most Kangxi-era enamel porcelains featured floral motifs like peonies and passionflowers, often without birds or other elements, resulting in a rather simple design. In contrast, Yongzheng-era pieces were more diverse, featuring detailed flower patterns, landscapes, and scenes with people.
A notable feature during this time was the inclusion of poetic inscriptions on the porcelain. These poems were written in elegant calligraphy, often accompanied by seals from famous scholars like Zhu Wen and Bai Wen. The text was carefully matched with the imagery and themes of the paintings. For example, phrases like “Ban Ran†or “Junzi†were used to reflect noble qualities, while “mountain high and water long†was commonly associated with landscape paintings. “First spring chapters†were often used to depict plum blossoms, symbolizing renewal and hope.
Enamel porcelain represents a continuation of China’s rich ceramic heritage. Every aspect—from the clay preparation, shaping, painting, materials, glazing, coloring, to the firing process—was executed with the highest level of skill. It stands as a testament to the artistic and technical excellence of its time.
During the Qianlong era, many exceptional ceramic works were produced, but enamel porcelain remained unparalleled in terms of both craftsmanship and materials. The artists who worked on these pieces were not ordinary potters, but elite painters from the imperial court. As a result, these artifacts represent the pinnacle of artistry and craftsmanship of their time.
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