**Selection of Ring Blanks**
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*Created on 2018/5/16*
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Ring blanks are the initial materials used in the manufacturing of bearing rings, and they include various types such as annealed bars, tubes, sheets, hot forgings, warm extrusion parts, cold extrusion parts, fine rolling parts, high-speed piercing forgings, and hot-rolled parts. The choice of blank material significantly influences the overall manufacturing process and efficiency.
**Annealing Bars**: These are ideal for small outer ring components with an outer diameter less than 50mm. They are solid bars with a round cross-section, making them suitable for turning operations. However, their data utilization is relatively low due to the large amount of material removed during machining. They are commonly used in multi-axis lathes for high-volume production of ferrules.
**Pipe Material**: Often used in mass production of small and medium-sized bearings, pipe materials are typically processed using single or multi-axis lathes. The typical size range is between 20-80mm, with a maximum of 105mm. Cold-drawn steel pipes are often used for smaller diameters, while hot-rolled pipes are used for larger ones. This type of blank offers a higher data utilization rate (50%-60%) and better bearing life compared to general forging. However, steel pipes can be more expensive and may lack standardization in supply.
**Sheet Material**: Suitable for small thrust ball bearings or miniature bearings, sheet material allows for high production efficiency and material savings. It is mainly used for creating tight or live rings where precision and material economy are important.
**Hot Forgings**: These serve as the primary blanks for most turning operations. They are suitable for both mass and small-batch production. Hot forgings have an outer diameter greater than 26–50mm. Although they offer good formability, they may suffer from uneven thickness, position errors, and residual internal stress, which can affect machining accuracy.
**Warm and Cold Extrusion Parts**: Ideal for large-scale production of medium and small ferrules, warm extrusion is also suitable for more complex shapes. These blanks are tightly arranged, with high precision in shape and size, smooth surfaces, and minimal machining requirements. However, there are still some challenges in their production processes.
**Fine Rolling and High-Speed Piercing Forgings**: Fine rolling and hot/cold rolling parts offer excellent precision, high data utilization (up to 70%–80%), and superior surface quality. They are ideal for large-volume production of larger ferrules. High-speed piercing forgings, on the other hand, provide good quality at lower costs, with a data utilization rate of 50%–60%. They are suitable for medium and small ferrules but require expensive equipment.
**Hot-Rolled Parts**: These are used for ferrules with irregular outer shapes, such as inner cones or ball bearings. They are produced by rolling a series of equidistant necks into a single piece. This method is ideal for mass production of small and medium-sized bearings, though it has limited availability due to its complex forming process.
In practice, the selection of a suitable blank depends on several factors, including the production volume, the shape and size of the ferrule, material utilization, machining requirements, the availability of blanks, the processing capability of the manufacturer (such as machining methods and precision), and user-specific demands like bearing life and corrosion resistance.
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Selection of Ring Blanks
Source: China Bearing Network | Time: 2013-03-31
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