Who knows your health best in the future may not be your doctor, but your toilet. Even family doctors can't monitor you all-round, all-weather, at least they can't do anything about the secret thing of defecation.
Recently, a research team from Stanford University in the United States has developed a prototype of a smart toilet with 4 cameras. This research was published in the journal Nature. This toilet analyzes the length of your bowel movements and various indicators of feces and urine to monitor your health status.
The researchers said that this research is committed to the precision medicine currently used in the treatment stage, and advances to the early detection and early prevention stage.
Compared with the smart toilet with cleaning and sterilization functions in recent years, this smart toilet with "4 eyes" is much more capable-it is not only armed with various detection instruments, but also has a deep learning "brain". In the health analysis of users, the researchers confidently stated that "its performance is comparable to that of trained medical staff."
The ideal state of using this smart toilet is that when the user starts to go to the toilet, the toilet has been detected by the infrared motion sensor and pressure sensor and started to work. If the user starts to urinate, the toilet will automatically extend the test paper to collect urine and observe the urine flow through a camera; after the user defecates, another camera will observe the shape and fluidity of the stool sample.
By analyzing indicators such as the white blood cell count and specific levels of protein in the urine, this smart toilet can detect as soon as possible whether the user has diabetes, metabolic abnormalities, liver disease, and even prostate cancer, bladder cancer and other diseases. Analyzing the shape of stool is important for diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases, such as determining whether there is malabsorption, pancreatitis, infection, and cancer.
In order to prevent the toilet from confusing the excretion information of people living under the same roof, the researchers also specially designed a "chrysanthemum-recognizing ability" for it. Like fingerprints, it can identify the "anal membrane" of the skin near the anus. Design unique files separately.
Perhaps at this point, someone will pinch their nose and vomit, and talk about feces and ass in such a serious way, it is really difficult to be elegant. But in fact, Dr. Yoshiki Kenye, who has been conducting research on intestinal bacteria for many years, once called in his book "Stool Pass" that feces are the "letters" of the body, and like breathing, sweat, and saliva, they carry good health. Password messenger.
Generally speaking, it is very important to be able to conduct continuous health monitoring of individuals. However, the traditional detection methods such as blood test and X-ray filming are not only expensive and cumbersome, but also make people feel painful and nervous.
In contrast, breathing, sweating, salivation, urination and defecation are the inevitable physiological activities of people every day. These secretions themselves hide a wealth of information and are naturally expected to become the first scouts for human health.
Just like this group of scientists trying to monitor health through smart toilets, in different corners of the world, researchers are tirelessly studying the "codes" brought by these scouts.
In August 2019, researchers from the California Institute of Technology Medical Engineering developed a wearable wireless sweat sensor that can determine the user’s body by measuring the metabolites and certain neuronal markers present in sweat in real time Even mental state.
This sensor made of graphene can analyze the rate of sweating, as well as the sodium, potassium ions and glucose in the sweat, to monitor whether the user has cardiovascular disease, diabetes or kidney disease. Its upgraded version can also monitor the user's cortisol level, a substance called the "human stress hormone", which is closely related to mental illnesses such as anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and depression.
In this new crown pneumonia epidemic that has swept the world, health and medical care have received unprecedented attention. I want to judge whether I am infected, go to the hospital to see a doctor and worry about cross-infection. This problem plagues high-risk groups.
Recently, the team of Dr. Dina Katabi, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT, has developed a new device that can be used to remotely screen patients with new coronary pneumonia. This machine is similar to a router that transmits and receives Wi-Fi signals and can capture the breathing, movement, and sleep of the monitored person in real time.
These data can help medical staff to remotely screen the health status of monitored persons, not only allow them to reduce the risk of contact and infection, but also focus more energy on critically ill patients. The device is currently being tested in a medical facility in Framingham, a suburb of Boston. The longer-term goal of the research team is to apply it to monitor the health of patients with chronic diseases, such as hypertension and Alzheimer's disease.
At the same time, online consultation has become the choice of more people. On April 18th, Caesar Djavaherian, one of the founders of American "Wired" magazine and medical health service provider Carbon Health, discussed the future of telemedicine together on Facebook live broadcast. Caesars believes that from the traditional way of understanding the needs of patients through the phone, to interacting with patients on video, to the use of Apple Watch, remote stethoscope and other equipment to diagnose and treat patients, telemedicine is playing an increasingly important role in people’s lives. .
In addition to saliva and breathing, scientists are still exploring more physiological states that hide human health codes. For example, sleep is still a relatively mysterious field in human biology. Emmanuel Mignot, professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, is working on a lightweight and accurate sleep measurement headband. This research is expected to allow patients to diagnose sleep disorders at home without having to go to the hospital to use the bulky and complicated polysomnography (PSG) device.
As these health monitoring "housekeepers" become more personalized and private, how to protect the privacy of the collected objects has become an issue that cannot be ignored.
In the past two years, the genetic testing market was in full swing, and there was heated discussion on how to formulate laws and regulations for genetic testing applications to protect user privacy; now, the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is developing guidelines to protect the health information and activity traces of patients with COVID-19 , Contact tracking and other monitoring data.
In response to this, the team researching smart toilets has solemnly assured people that your files will be stored in a secure cloud system, will not be individually identified, and will be subject to special medical bills when sent to healthcare workers HIPAA protection.
2000 years ago, the genius doctor Bian Que and Wei Wenwang had a conversation about medical skills. He said that the one who is best at medical skills is not the rejuvenating self, but the eldest brother who "sees the gods from the disease and does not get rid of it." Perhaps in the near future, such a diagnosis and treatment method will become a reality.
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