For a long time, people have been working hard to study the use of solar energy. The solar energy we receive on the earth only accounts for about one-twentieth of the total energy emitted by the sun's surface. These energies are equivalent to 3-4 million times the total energy required by the world. It can be described as inexhaustible. exhaust. Secondly, there is no day and night and space in the universe, no dark clouds and shadows, and the radiation energy is very stable. Therefore, the power generation system is relatively simpler than the ground, and in the universe without weight and high vacuum, the strength requirements of the equipment components are not too high. Furthermore, solar energy, unlike fossil fuels such as oil and coal, will not cause a "greenhouse effect" and global climate change, nor will it cause environmental pollution.
Because of this, the use of solar energy has been valued by many countries, and everyone is competing to develop various new photoelectric technologies and new photoelectric materials to expand the application of solar energy. Especially in the past 10 years, under the attack of the two major crises of oil exploitation and deteriorating ecological environment, we are increasingly looking forward to the "solar era". From power generation, heating, water supply to a variety of solar power plants, its application is very extensive, and in some areas, the use of solar energy has begun to enter the practical stage.
From 1974 to 1997, the cost of generating silicon semiconductor photovoltaic cells in developed countries such as the United States and Japan was reduced by an order of magnitude: from $50 per watt to $5. Since then, experts from all over the world have generally believed that to make solar power plants economically competitive with traditional power plants (mainly thermal power plants), there is still an equally long way to go – and the cost is reduced by an order of magnitude. At present, there are many projects in the United States and other countries that use solar pools to generate electricity. On the shores of the Dead Sea, there is a 7,000-square-meter experimental solar pool built in 1979 to heat a 150-kilowatt generator. The United States plans to build an 8.3% of its salt lake (about 8,000 square kilometers) into a solar pool to heat 600 megawatts of generators. In June of this year, experts from the Armenian Institute of Radio Physics announced that they had begun construction of their “first small experimental model†industrial solar power station in the mountains of the country. The turbine used in the power station is not new, but the turbine that has been removed from the helicopter after the service life has expired, with an installed capacity of only 100 kilowatts, but the power generation cost is only 0.5 cents / kWh, and the efficiency is as high as 40% - 50%.
Russian scholars have also made remarkable progress in the study of solar pools. A company combined its solar-powered water-jet propulsion and spray-cooled solar-powered propellers with the solar pool project to provide ice tanks and other facilities to the solar pool, and designed a new solar pool for farmers. According to this design, a 6- to 8-person farmer builds a 70-square-meter solar pool to meet the annual electricity needs of his 100-square-meter home. Another research institute proposed the design idea of ​​a combined solar pool power station, which uses heat pump, heat pipe and other technologies to comprehensively utilize solar energy and geothermal heat, and room waste heat, so that the cost of solar pool power generation is greatly reduced, and it can be fired in the North Caucasus. The power station competes and is available all year round, for air conditioning in summer and for heating in winter.
From this point of view, the solar era that all mankind dreams of is actually close at hand, including collecting energy into space and transmitting it to the earth to turn it into electricity to solve the energy crisis facing humanity. With the advancement of science and technology, this is not a dream. The world's first solar power station, built by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Energy Department, will be assembled in space and will soon begin to supply power to the ground.
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