"This year, due to more rain late oilseed rape breeding, rape green seedlings, transplanting growing poor, strong winter and spring to send it to achieve, we must strengthen field management after transplanting ......" November 4, in Naxi Luzhou City ferry In the 8th group of Zhenguangming Village, the town's agronomist Deng Wenge was instructing Wang Chenglin and other villagers to transplant rapeseed seedlings. Deng Wenge said that rapeseed should have a high yield and good harvest. At the end of autumn and winter, the southern Sichuan rapeseed should grasp several links such as transplanting and field management.
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Timely transplanting and rational planting
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When the rapeseed seedlings have 4 leaves and the seedling age is 30 to 35 days , transplanting is started, usually in late October and early November . Transplanting rapeseed fields can be done without digging fine rice fields or dry land (no-till cultivation), just need to manage the "three ditch" (circle, main ditch and trench) and remove weeds. The wide and narrow rows of nests are transplanted. The net width of the field is 60cm , the narrow row spacing is 40cm , and the nest spacing is 40cm . Each nest has two plants (the two plants must be separated), and the wrong nest is transplanted to achieve 6600 plants per 667 m2 . about. The strip-shaped wheel of 200cm open box is used to plant 2 rows of rapeseed, with a narrow row spacing of 40cm and a nesting distance of 40cm . Each nest has two plants, about 3300 plants per 667 m2 . When transplanting, only the soil is not soiled, after planting. Every 667 m2 of 1500 kg of clear manure water is used to pour the roots of manure.
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Deng Wenge reminded that when selecting seedlings, we must pay attention to the selection of strong seedlings, and the root system is relatively developed. 7-10 days after transplanting, it is necessary to check the seedlings in time. For the lack of litter, the strong seedlings should be used for replanting. After planting, the roots should be re-applied to ensure the seedlings are strong.
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The good fertilizer topdressing three tests
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Deng Wenge said that during the rapeseed field management, rational fertilization according to the growth of seedlings and different growth stages can promote early growth, stability, growth of moss, branching, flowering, podging and grain weight. The role of the production has a very obvious effect of increasing production.
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(A), Miao Fei. Should be applied early and diligently. Rape, especially hybrid rapeseed, has a strong growth advantage at seedling stage and requires a large amount of fertilizer. The early winter is an important period for fertilizer. At this stage, the availability of nutrients is sufficient, which has an important impact on the number of effective branches and the number of pods per plant. In order to meet the nutritional needs of rapeseed growth and development, topdressing should be carried out according to different seedlings, mainly organic fertilizer. Phosphorus can promote the root development of rapeseed and enhance resistance; potassium can improve the ability of rapeseed to resist cold, disease and lodging. Therefore, when the fertilizer is applied, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be appropriately reduced to avoid the plant being tender and juicy, and the cold resistance is poor. It is generally administered in two divided doses. For the first time , it is applied 7-10 days after transplanting rapeseed to promote the growth of seedlings before winter. The method is to apply root irrigation with 500-1000 kg of human and animal manure plus 2-3 kg of urea (or 10 kg of ammonium bicarbonate ) per acre . For fields with insufficient base fertilizer, long growth potential, and quick-acting fertilizer, the first half of the fertilization should be chased once more than half a month after the first fertilization. Urea 4-5 kg (or 15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate , or 600 kg of human excrement ) can be applied to the water, and the dry soil should be properly mixed with water. Fertilization should be combined with cultivating and weeding to cover the fertilizer.
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(B), wax fertilizer. The wax fertilizer has the functions of keeping warm, preventing freezing and promoting spring hair, and should be reapplied. It is usually applied in the middle and late December . It is mainly based on delayed manure, mud and cake fertilizer (such as using chemical fertilizer, the quantity should be controlled to prevent over- tenderness), and with a certain amount of plant ash and superphosphate, it can increase the soil temperature by 2-3 degrees and play the winter spring. Effect. The mid to late 11 plots leaf number less than 10, and may be Adding the like rapeseed line between pig manure or farmyard manure organic fertilizer, generally 100-150 kg Mushi ash, pig manure or 1000 to 1500 kg farmyard manure 2500-3000 kg (or fire Tuhui 900-1000 kg); as seedling should be smaller and more facilities. Spread around the roots of the rapeseed or fill the nest. After applying the soil, the fertilizer is applied to the rhizosphere. For example , in the late November , the number of green leaves reached 13 or so, and the seedlings were prosperous. The green color of the leaves could be applied less or not.
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(three), foliar fertilizer. Spraying phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the leaf front of rapeseed can increase the concentration of cell liquid, lower the freezing point and enhance the cold resistance. Therefore, a solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, viscose, and Huimanfeng can be sprayed during the wintering period, and a 0.2% borax solution can be sprayed on the boron-deficient rapeseed land , which is beneficial to anti-freezing and seedling protection.
Author: Zouyuan Xiang special correspondent Jin Qiyun
( Source: Sichuan Rural Daily )
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