Photovoltaic power generation, the basic principle is "photovoltaic effect." When a photon is irradiated onto a metal, its energy can be completely absorbed by some electron in the metal. The energy absorbed by the electron is large enough to overcome the internal gravity of the metal and escape from the metal surface to become photoelectron.
Illumination causes a potential difference between a heterogeneous semiconductor or a different portion of a semiconductor to metal bond. It is first a process in which photons (light waves) are converted into electrons, and light energy is converted into electric energy; secondly, a voltage process is formed. With voltage, it is like building a dam. If the two are connected, a circuit of current will be formed.
The main principle of photovoltaic power generation is the photoelectric effect of semiconductors. A silicon atom has four electrons. If a silicon atom with five electrons, such as a phosphorus atom, is incorporated into pure silicon, it becomes a negatively charged N-type semiconductor. If pure silicon is doped with three electron atoms such as boron atoms, A positively charged P-type semiconductor is formed. When the P-type and the N-type are combined, the contact surface forms a potential difference and becomes a solar cell. When the sunlight hits the PN junction, the holes move from the N-pole region to the P-pole region, and the electrons move from the P-pole region to the N-pole region to form a current.
After the polycrystalline silicon is ingot, broken ingot, sliced, etc., it is made into a silicon wafer to be processed. A PN junction is formed by doping and diffusing a trace amount of boron, phosphorus, or the like on the silicon wafer. Then, by screen printing, the fine silver paste is printed on the silicon wafer to form a grid line, which is sintered and simultaneously formed into a back electrode, and an anti-reflection coating is applied on the surface of the gate line, and the battery sheet is Made to date. The cell array is combined into a battery pack to form a large circuit board. Generally, an aluminum frame is wrapped around the assembly, the front cover glass, and the reverse side mounts the electrode. With battery components and other ancillary equipment, you can form a power generation system. In order to convert direct current to alternating current, a current converter is required. It can be stored in the battery after power generation, or it can be input into the public power grid. Among the cost of power generation systems, battery components account for about 50%, current converters, installation costs, other auxiliary components, and other expenses account for another 50%.
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