Recently, the international crude oil prices have been rising. How to develop oil substitutes has once again become a focus of attention. However, the reporter found that the biodiesel industry, which is currently one of the natural oil substitutes, has still not found a suitable development path. Only a few companies are confident about the prospects.
Shandong Sanrong Group Co., Ltd. has been operating the new energy industry for many years, involving wind power generation, biomass power generation, waste incineration, biomass diesel, etc. However, the 200,000 tons bio-diesel project originally planned for production at the end of last year is still under construction. in.
“The original design of an annual output of 200,000 tons of diesel fuel can only be run on a production line with an annual output of 50,000 tons. The main reason is that raw materials are insufficient and prices are rising.†Engineer Shang Lei of Shandong Sanrong Group Co., Ltd. told reporters that the raw materials for this project are mainly It is based on acidified oil, a by-product of cottonseed oil. Although at that time the factory was located in Xiajin County, where the country's important cottonseed is concentrated, it still faces high raw material costs. The profit per ton of diesel is only a few hundred yuan.
Not only is Sanrong Group's bio-oil production encountering obstacles, but also many bio-diesel companies in Shandong Zibo, Tai'an, and Liaocheng have similar difficulties in operating. Some companies still have no production in four or five years, and some companies have suffered serious losses. Operation. Waste oil, straw, bio-oil residue and other raw materials to produce diesel are generally sluggish.
Although the government recently introduced a policy to exempt pure biodiesel excise tax and formulated a biodiesel blended fuel standard to allow biodiesel to enter the refined oil sales network, the industry’s response to these supporting policies remains muted. It is understood that the current national biodiesel production capacity exceeds 1.5 million tons, while the output is only about 400,000 tons.
In the environment of stagnant biodiesel, many companies are still exploring. The reporter saw in Shandong Binzhou Shandong Easy Energy Bio-Energy Co., Ltd. that a set of equipment with an annual output of 10,000 tons of bio-crude oil is stepping up production, and another set of new equipment is being overhauled and debugged. Jia Hongjie, deputy general manager of the company, said that the current company's profits are substantial, 2 tons of straw can make 1 ton of biomass crude oil, the cost is about 1,500 yuan, but the current price of this oil is more than 2,000 yuan per ton.
He said that in the field of heating water heaters, one ton of bio-crude oil can replace 0.5 tons of natural crude oil, the current price of crude oil is about 4,500 yuan, and the cost of using bio-crude oil is even lower. Especially in some non-metal smelting industries, this biomass oil has a higher substitution rate and higher selling prices and profits.
However, the company also encountered many difficulties in product promotion. Jia Hongjie said that many companies are not confident about oil products, and they are even more reluctant to allow them to reconstruct their original combustion equipment. Due to the small scale of the company, the company's free trial burn requirements have put tremendous pressure on the company's operations. He is looking forward to the introduction of a more favorable biodiesel support policy and encouraging more researchers to join the bio-energy industry, using abundant and recyclable biological resources to solve the increasingly tense energy supply situation. (
A permanent magnet is an object made from a material that is magnetized and creates its own persistent magnetic field. As the name suggests, a permanent magnet is 'permanent'. This means that it always has a magnetic field and will display a magnetic behavior at all times.
A permanent magnet`s magnetic properties exist when the magnet is (magnetized). An electromagnetic magnet only displays magnetic properties when an electric current is applied to it. That is how you can differentiate between the two. The magnets that you have affixed to your refrigerator are Permanent Magnets, while electromagnets are the principle behind AC motors.
Permanent Magnet v. Electromagnet: Magnetic Strength
Permanent magnet strength depends upon the material used in its creation. The strength of an electromagnet can be adjusted by the amount of electric current allowed to flow into it. As a result, the same electromagnet can be adjusted for different strength levels.
Permanent Magnet v. Electromagnet: Loss of Magnetic Properties
If a permanent magnet loses its magnetic properties, as it does by heating to a (maximum) temperature, it will be rendered useless and its magnetic properties can be only recovered by re-magnetizing. Contrarily, an electromagnet loses its magnetic power every time an electric current is removed and becomes magnetic once again when the electric field is introduced.
Permanent Magnet v. Electromagnet: Advantages
The main advantage of a permanent magnet over an electromagnet is that a permanent magnet does not require a continuous supply of electrical energy to maintain its magnetic field. However, an electromagnet`s magnetic field can be rapidly manipulated over a wide range by controlling the amount of electric current supplied to the electromagnet.
A permanent magnet retains its magnetic properties for a long time.
A lodestone is a naturally occurring permanent magnet composed of magnetite, an iron-bearing mineral. Such magnets have been known since ancient times. Virtually all magnets used commercially today are made from synthetic magnetic materials. The most common such materials are alnicos-iron alloys containing aluminum, nickel, and cobalt. Magnetic materials containing such rare-earth elements as samarium or neodymium form very strong permanent magnets. Ferrites, which consist of ferric oxide (an oxide of iron) combined with the oxides of one or more other metals, are widely used in electronic devices. Flexible magnets are made by combining magnetic materials with plastics.
Permanent magnets are typically made into U-shaped horseshoe magnets, with the poles side by side; and bar magnets, with the poles at opposite ends.
Note: This is a high level overview of permanent magnets as they compare to electromagnets. There are more details available relating to the differences stated. Please contact us with your specific questions and we`ll be happy to share all the fine points.
Permanent Magnets
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