In the mud tile project, first look at a very simple and easy-to-understand mudslide project diagram.
It can be seen from the figure that the approximate steps of the masonry project are as follows: According to the requirements of the design, some structural transformations are made (no change is not required), the hydropower construction ditch is leveled, then the floor is waterproofed, the ground is leveled, and then the paving tiles are Now.
The next step will be to decompose each step of the masonry project.
First, structural transformation
Some of the owners’ friends wanted to make the living room bigger or not quite satisfied with the structure of the new house. They wanted to design the house uniquely and chose the method of wall removal, such as removing the kitchen partition wall and making it an open kitchen. Wait.
This is of course an expression of great ideas. However, the transformation of the home structure involves safety issues. Therefore, the following five principles should be followed during the renovation process:
First, for a “brick-and-blend†structure, all prefabricated walls cannot be dismantled, nor can windows be opened. In particular, brick walls with a thickness of more than 24 cm are generally load-bearing walls and cannot be easily dismantled and modified.
Second, the door frame is embedded in the concrete and should not be dismantled. If it is dismantled or remodeled, it will damage the building structure, reduce the safety factor, and it is difficult to reinstall the door.
Third, the low wall near the balcony cannot be removed or changed. There is a window on the wall between the general room and the balcony. The doors and windows can be dismantled, but the wall below the window cannot be removed, because this wall is a “counterweight wall†and it acts like a scale to lift the balcony. The effect is that if the wall is dismantled, the bearing capacity of the balcony will drop, causing the balcony to fall.
Fourth, the pillars in the room cannot be changed. Beams and columns are used to support the upper floors. Demolition or renovation will cause the upper floors to fall down. It is very dangerous, so the columns and columns must not be demolished or modified.
Fifth, the steel bars in the wall cannot move. When the pipeline is laid, if the steel bar is damaged, the bearing capacity of the wall and the floor will be affected, leaving potential safety hazards.
II. Smoothing hydropower construction ditch
As the name suggests, it means that the tanks left by the previous hydropower project will be wiped out and cement and other materials will be used.
Third, waterproof
Waterproofing is a very important part of home decoration. Like other concealed works, it is easy to be ignored by the owner during the renovation. Under normal circumstances, the bathroom, bathroom and kitchen floors in the building are all made of waterproof layers and are easily damaged when the floor is redecorated. If it is not repaired in time, leakage will occur in the future, affecting neighbors. Therefore, in the decoration should pay attention to protect the waterproof layer, if accidentally damaged, repair in time to avoid hidden dangers.
There are two kinds of waterproof materials for home decoration that are currently sold on the market: one is a modified asphalt waterproof coating and a glass fiber cloth, and the glass fiber cloth can increase the strength and increase the flexibility. The use of this coating, waterproof engineering is more complex, but the price is not high, about 100 yuan per square meter; the other is polyurethane waterproof coating, is a high-grade, waterproof coating with a polymer coating. This paint has a good waterproof effect, but the price is higher. Price per square meter is about 140 yuan.
When doing waterproof construction, the first step should be to deal with the grassroots. Remove the original decoration materials, clean the floating soil and cement, and require the surface to be smooth and dry.
The second step: Paving waterproof coating. Brush a layer of modified asphalt on the base of the water repellent treatment, spread a layer of glass fiber cloth, and then repeat the brushing once. Finally, paint the second layer of glass cloth again, and the water-repellent treatment is finished. The waterproof coating should be painted evenly, and the glass fiber cloth and the waterproof layer should be closed tightly. There can be no phenomenon of leakage brushing, drumming and falling off, otherwise it will affect the waterproof effect. If you choose polyurethane as a waterproof coating, generally do not add glass fiber cloth, as long as repeated brushing 2-3 times on it. Because the polyurethane coating itself can form an elastic protective film, it has certain tensile properties. In order to improve the waterproof effect, a layer of glass cloth may be laid, but the cost will increase.
It should be noted that when waterproofing the floor, waterproof paint and glass fiber cloth should be applied to a wall 20-30 cm away from the ground to prevent leakage of the wall and ground joints, thus forming a closed and firm waterproof layer. For walls of showers, soft light walls and indoor walls that are leak-proof, waterproof paint must be applied to the wall at a height of 1.8 meters or covered with a wall to prevent wall leakage.
The third step is to do a “sweeping water†test. The “sweeping water†test is an important test method for checking the waterproof quality of the interior. After the waterproof project is completed, seal the door and the water outlet and fill the room with water to a certain liquid level. If there is no significant drop in the liquid level within 24 hours, it is qualified. After the "sweeping water" test is completed, a layer of cement mortar protective layer is applied on the waterproof coating layer, taking care not to damage the waterproof coating layer already prepared. After the protective layer of cement mortar dries out, it can be plastered with a wall tile or a spray paint for normal decoration.
Fourth, ground leveling
At present, there are generally three kinds of ground leveling methods, machine grinding plus plaster leveling, cement mortar leveling, and self leveling and leveling.
Machine grinding plus plaster leveling:
1. Do not increase the ground
2. Walk 2 hours after construction (work)
3. The construction can be wooden flooring in 3 days
4. The construction is fast (only one day per household) and the price is affordable, which is much more favorable than cement leveling and self-leveling.
Cement mortar leveling:
1. Increase ground minimum 2 cm
2. It can be stepped on (construction) for 3 days after construction
3. After the construction is completed, wait at least 15 days after laying the wood floor
4. Moderate price
Self leveling leveling:
1. Go to the highest point of the room
2. Cannot enter people after construction for 24 hours
3. After construction, almost 15 days after the cement is to be applied to the wood floor.
4. The highest price
Construction Conditions:
1. Machine grinding plus plaster leveling: Construction can be done at any time (preferably after the wall and floor tiles of the kitchen and bathroom are finished).
2. Cement leveling and self-leveling Leveling: It must be done after the kitchen and bathroom tiles have been finished and between the walls.
Fifth, paving tiles
Tiles are mostly made of cement. When cement solidifies, it shrinks easily, causing the tiles to easily empty. At the same time, it is a rigid material that cannot absorb stress from the wall and can cause cracking or shedding of the tiles. Traditional materials easily lead to shrinkage, dehydration, and cracking, which makes most of the mason even with excellent skills and strong sense of responsibility, can not guarantee the standardization of the construction operation process. Sometimes when you buy a very expensive tile, there will still be problems such as uneven pavement, cracking, and falling off. You may say that the craftsmanship of the mason is not good and that the tiles are inferior, but in reality this is mostly due to the paving materials and the irregular paving process.
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