Desalination is a dream that humanity has pursued for centuries, but desalination is still not widely used due to technical and cost constraints. Recently, the reporter learned from Nanjing University of Technology that the team of Professor Jin Wanqin of the State Key Laboratory of Materials Chemical Engineering cooperated with related research institutes in China and made breakthroughs in the study of graphene membrane desalination of seawater, and proposed and realized the precise use of hydrated ions themselves. The layer spacing of the graphene film was controlled to show excellent ion sieving and seawater desalination performance.
Some experts predict that with the deterioration of the ecological environment, the last way for humans to solve the water shortage is likely to be the desalination of seawater. There are more than 20 kinds of desalination technologies in the world, which are mainly divided into distillation and membrane methods. Graphene is an ideal material for constructing high-performance separation membranes because of its unique two-dimensional structure. However, due to the prior art methods, it is difficult to accurately control the interlayer spacing of the graphene oxide film on the scale of one tenth of a nanometer, and the graphene film is added. Swelling in aqueous solutions leads to severe degradation of separation performance, and graphene is still facing enormous challenges for ion screening and seawater desalination.
Prof. Jin Wanqin teamed up with Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai University, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University and other scholars to conduct collaborative research and design and preparation of laminated (oxidized) graphene membranes with precise interlamellar spacing of hydrated ions to achieve water molecules in salt solutions. Precise screening with different ions. For potassium ions with the smallest hydration diameter, scientists have used graphene membranes that have been soaked in potassium ions to prevent hydrated potassium ions from entering, effectively trapping all ions in the salt solution, including the potassium ion itself, while still keeping water molecules out of the water. As a result, salt ions and pure water are efficiently enriched on the feed side and the permeate side of the graphene film, respectively.
The results have been published in the journal Nature. This study not only provides theoretical and technical guidance for the design and preparation of graphene membranes, but also opens up new ideas for other two-dimensional materials in the field of separation membranes. (Reporter Zhang Hao)
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