From longing for flight to making planes, mankind has traveled for at least thousands of years; from Einstein’s prophecy to gravitational waves, humans have gone through a full hundred years.
“When we were discussing the draft outline of the 13th Five-Year Plan, the Chinese and foreign scientists who were intensively studying were working hard for a great dream, the “artificial sun.†According to relevant information, this “dream journey†has been from the last century. The 1950s have been going on for more than half a century, and they have actually been put into commercial use and become electricity that every household can use. It may take at least a few decades.†Xu Jiannan, a researcher from the National People’s Congress and the Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, accepted Xinhua on the 14th. An interview with a reporter from the agency said.
Create a sun on Earth? of course not!
"'Artificial sun' refers to a virtually limitless clean energy source for humans through controlled thermonuclear fusion," Xu Jiannan said.
The sun's light and heat are derived from the energy released by the hydrogen's two siblings, the isotopes cesium and cesium, which are condensed into one helium atom. "Artificial sun" is the process of "imitation."
At present, the nuclear energy used by human nuclear power plants in an orderly manner is a nuclear fission process. The nuclear power is split from the heavier atomic nucleus to the lighter atomic nucleus, from which the released energy is obtained. The energy released by the mass of the unit is a few times larger than the nuclear fission of the light nuclear fusion.
“Experts have argued that if it was not the earliest, at least the “artificial sun†proposed to solve the human energy problem was at least a Soviet young ensign. When this “big boy†of high school education proposed this “dream†in 1950, Soviet scientists He did not laugh at him, but scientifically and carefully analyzed its feasibility in theory and practice. History shows that many great sciences that have changed the world have discovered that scientific and technological progress has come from brave 'emptiness', wise care, and persistent pursuit. Xu Jiannan said.
What scientific explorations have scientists done?
Fusion energy is the safe, economical, and efficient long-lasting energy that humanity dreams of.
Global scientists have studied two main ways to achieve controlled thermonuclear fusion: magnetic confinement fusion and inertia confinement fusion.
The former, also known as tokamak, causes a fusion reaction by confining a high-temperature, thin plasma for a long time in a strong magnetic field. For example, the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) Project, one of the world's largest and most far-reaching international scientific cooperation projects.
The latter uses a variety of high-energy driving methods to form high-temperature and high-pressure environments, enabling the target pellets to achieve thermonuclear fusion ignition and combustion, thereby releasing enormous energy.
æ°˜ and æ°š are inexhaustible sources of energy. There are probably 40 trillion tons of plutonium in the ocean. Theoretically, if all of them are used in fusion reactions, the released energy is sufficient for humans to use for several billion years.
"Its incomparable advantages are: safety, cleanliness, high efficiency and sufficient resources," said Xu Jiannan.
Chinese scientists participate in and contribute to geometry?
Magnetic confinement fusion and inertial confinement fusion are two kinds of technological paths. Chinese scientists have deep participation and unfavorable contributions.
The United States, France, and other countries initiated the ITER project in the 1980s. China later became one of the participating countries. The Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences and the Southwestern Institute of Physics in Chengdu are the main units.
In the end of January this year, EAST, a large-scale scientific engineering "artificial sun" experimental device undertaken by the plasma of the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, successfully realized an ultra-high temperature long pulse plasma with an electronic temperature exceeding 50 million degrees and a duration of 102 seconds. Body discharge.
This is the plasma discharge of the longest duration when the electronic totem temperature reaches 50 million degrees in the international Tokamak experimental apparatus. It is an important stage of research progress.
“Congratulations were made to the breakthroughs made by researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Chinese Academy of Sciences is also a dream pursuit for the “artificial sun.†The inertial confinement fusion research was conducted by famous scientists in China and former vice president of our institute, Mr. Wang Yuchang, in the 1960s, with foreign scientists. In the same period, it was independently proposed that Mr. Yu Min, the winner of China’s hydrogen bomb and the winner of the National Highest Science and Technology Award, is also an advocate of inertially restrained fusion technology.†Xu Jiannan said.
Over the past few decades, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Opto-Mechanics Institute and other units have continuously advanced to the advanced world, gradually established an independent autonomous inertial confinement fusion research system, built Shenguang I, II, and III laser drive devices, Julong No. 1 electromagnetic drive Large scientific experimental device.
Xu Jiannan said that among them, Julong No.1 output current reaches 800 to 10 million amps, the current pulse rise time is less than 10 millionth of a second, and instantaneous power exceeds 20 trillion watts, which is equivalent to 2 times the global average power generation.
At the first exhibition of military-civilian and civilian development in defense science and technology industry held in Beijing in 2015, Julong No. 1 was first appeared as the “future ideal energy - the sun in the bottle†to let the public know that large-scale military applications were developed for traction. How scientific experimental devices can play a role in civilian fields.
How far is the “artificial sun†from commercial use?
Chinese and foreign scientists have made important achievements in the fusion device scientific experiments and engineering technology. Some experts predict that the commercialization of fusion energy may be realized in about 30 years.
"Artificial Sun", scientists for a hundred years "dream journey." It is hoped that the "artificial sun" will continue to "safely shine" to the earth as soon as possible.
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