One of the five important parameters in the orifice flowmeter calculation book: the outflow coefficient: is the ratio of the actual flow to the theoretical flow. Since the early 1990s, a large number of experiments have been carried out in laboratories in Western countries, and a large amount of experimental data has been accumulated and international standards have been generated. Therefore, the orifice plate is the only one of all flowmeters so far that only needs to ensure the geometrical size. A flow meter that guarantees measurement accuracy without the need for real-flow calibration. Moreover, since the portion of the orifice plate in contact with the fluid is basically a purely mechanical component, it can withstand the characteristics of high temperature and high pressure, and determines its wide range of applications. In particular, the emergence of advanced interchangeable orifices has greatly expanded its range of use.
Orifice flowmeter calculation book two of the five important parameters: opening ratio β: orifice ratio is the ratio of the orifice of the orifice to the inner diameter of the pipe. Once the orifice plate is completed, its opening ratio has been confirmed. However, since the pipe and the orifice plate are often two different materials, the expansion coefficient is different, so the opening ratio still changes with the change of the pressure temperature. The calculation of the orifice plate is usually performed by calculating the orifice operating temperature and operating pressure provided by the process, and then calculating the opening ratio of the orifice plate to an atmospheric pressure at 20 ° C. Although the relationship between it and the flow range ratio is not very large, if the operating temperature and operating pressure are not accurate, it will directly affect the accuracy of the calculation, of course, the flow ratio will also be affected. In the case of meeting the pressure loss requirements, it is recommended to take the β value as much as 0.5~0.6.
Three of the five important parameters in the calculation of the orifice flowmeter: expansion coefficient: the expansion coefficient also changes with the differential pressure, that is, with the flow rate. If the entire flow range uses the same expansion factor ε, a large error will result. The formula for the expansion coefficient is now given in ISO 5167.
The four important parameters in the calculation of the orifice flowmeter are: differential pressure value: the accuracy and range ratio of the differential pressure transmitter have a great influence on the accuracy and range ratio of the orifice plate. Therefore, in recent years, various manufacturers have continuously improved the accuracy and range ratio of differential pressure transmitters. The following is an example of a commonly used ROSEMENT3051CD2-5 differential pressure transmitter. The transmitter has an accuracy of 0.065% over a 10:1 range and accuracy over the 10:1 range.
Five of the five important parameters in the orifice flowmeter calculation book: Density Ï: The change in density is critical to the flow, especially for flow measurements of gas or steam. With the development of computer technology, the compensation of density has become very easy, and the formula of the gas equation or the density of the vapor or the change of the liquid density with the temperature and pressure can be easily written in the computer. So the density is crucial, but as long as the relevant compensation methods are done well, the effect of density on the range ratio is relatively small. But not all changes in temperature and pressure can be compensated for by density compensation. In addition, the installation location, installation concentricity, straight pipe section, resistance components, temperature drift of the transmitter, zero drift and other issues have a great impact on the flow. Naturally, it also affects the turndown ratio.
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