"Green building materials" concept

Under the background of population expansion, environmental pollution and shortage of resources, the concept of “green building materials” broke ground. This seed, which carries good wishes for environmental protection and good health, has taken root, germinated, grown, grown, opened branches, and scattered leaves for more than 20 years. Today, the "green" concept has been rooted in people's hearts, and green building materials have begun to integrate into people's lives.

"Green" has further accelerated the process of industrialization of origin and the massive consumption of resources and energy has triggered a series of global environmental problems. People gradually realize the importance of protecting the living environment.

As early as the 1970s, some foreign building materials companies had begun research and development of health, waste, and functional building materials. However, at the time, these eco-friendly, environmentally friendly materials did not have a formal identity.

In 1987, the World Commission on Environment and Development presented the concept of sustainable development for the first time in its report “Our Common Future” and its reference to “the ability to meet the needs of the modern people without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs”. It has been widely recognized by the international community. This new concept also laid the foundation for the "green building materials" proposal.

In 1988, the first session of the International Material Science Research Institute put forward the concept of "green material" for the first time. Green has become a symbol of humanity's desire for environmental protection.

In 1990, Professor Yoshimoto Yamamoto of Japan proposed the concept of eco-environmental materials, which was recognized as the prototype of “green building materials”. He believes that eco-environmental materials should have three characteristics: First, advanced nature, can open up a broad range of activities and environment for humans; Second, environmental coordination, that is, to coordinate with the external environment as possible; Third, comfort, make human life More beautiful and comfortable.

In 1992, the World Conference on Environment and Development convened by the United Nations in Rio de Janeiro established the strategic guidelines for the sustainable development of building materials and formulated the principles for the future recycling of building materials industry, co-existence and sustainable development.

In the same year, “Green Building Materials” finally had its own professional definition in the international community: Materials that have the least environmental load on the earth and are beneficial to human health in the aspects of raw material adoption, product manufacturing, use or recycling, and waste disposal. It has to be admitted that this definition is very forward-looking, covering the entire life cycle of the material and highlighting the profound connotation of “minimum load on the global environment” and “benefit to human health”.

In 1999, at the first national seminar on the development and application of green building materials in China, according to the actual situation in China, a more detailed new definition of green building materials was proposed: using cleaner production technology, without or with less use of natural resources and energy, a large number of workers Non-toxic, non-polluting, and non-radioactive production of agricultural or urban solid waste, which can be recycled after the use cycle, and is conducive to environmental protection and human health. After many years, this concept has been used, and has become an effective reference for various green building product standards and evaluations.

Until March 2013, in order to further promote the development of the green building materials industry, the Department of Raw Materials Industry and Science and Technology of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, after conducting thorough investigations at the China National Building Material Research Institute, the China Building Materials Inspection and Certification Center and the Building Materials Industry Standardization Institute, based on the original concepts, The new connotation of "green building materials" has been given - green building materials should be able to reduce the consumption of natural resources and reduce the impact on the ecological environment throughout the entire life cycle. It is inherently safer and more convenient to use, with "energy saving, emission reduction, safety, Convenient and recyclable characteristics of building materials products.

Experts explained to reporters in detail the content of these five major features.

Energy-saving refers to the fact that, on the one hand, energy and resources are consumed the least in the production process. On the one hand, energy consumption in buildings is least.

The emission reduction includes three levels: first, the reduction of pollutants and carbon dioxide emissions at the production stage; second, not only reducing the use of itself, but also helping buildings to reduce the slow release of toxic and hazardous substances; third, it can better protect life and health.

Safety refers to the least potential safety hazards in the production process. The safety and durability of the product itself are improved. No secondary insecurity factors are generated in the construction process. In the use of links, it helps to improve the level of disaster prevention and reduction of buildings and prolong their service life.

Convenience means that the production environment is comfortable, the construction process is easy to use, and recycling is convenient.

Recyclable means that the production process can harmlessly dispose of industrial waste, and the waste disposal link is non-toxic, harmless, easy to recycle, and easy to recycle and reuse.

A comprehensive, informative and three-dimensional interpretation gives new life to “green building materials” and reflects its new value.

With the strong support of the country and under the active guidance of government departments, the development track of green building materials will be more clear and the pace will be more stable.

"Green" storm In the 1990s, when the concept of "green building materials" was put forward, around this new concept of benefiting the nation and the people, building materials-related institutions and units around the world began researching and developing green building materials. Under the influence of this "green" storm, the content of green building materials is continuously enriched, and green building materials are also flourishing.

Developed countries, such as Japan and the United States, started earlier in the development of green building materials. They have invested a great deal of effort in researching and developing green building materials. Large-scale building materials companies in the world have also attached great importance to the production of green building materials and have made active progress. With the joint efforts of all parties, pollution in the production process is reduced. Green building materials produced using industrial or municipal solid waste and multi-functional green building materials beneficial to human health produced by high-tech are emerging in an endless stream, supporting the performance of green building materials. Standards, logos and certifications have also been introduced in succession, accelerating the pace of green building materials. Various types of new environmental protection materials have also been widely used in green buildings such as ecological buildings and healthy houses under the promotion of the government and related departments and enterprises, and have become "green" models and models.

In China, the green wind has also made China's building materials industry achieve the effect of stratification.

The building materials industry is a typical "two high and one capital" industry. China's building materials industry enterprises first made unremitting efforts to reduce pollution, energy consumption, and reduce the use of resources, and have made great achievements.

The cement industry has experienced a transformation from a small shaft kiln to a new dry process line; the glass industry has achieved a leap from Xiao Ping pull to the float method; the wall material industry has completed the gorgeous turn of Qin brick watts into concrete blocks...

Urban garbage has become a raw material for cement production, construction waste and power plant waste have been transformed into new environmental protection bricks, and slag, steel scrap and waste newspapers have been remodeled into mineral wool boards...

Low-temperature waste heat, oxygen-enriched combustion and other energy-saving and emission reduction technologies have been widely used in cement, glass, ceramics and other industries.

High-performance cement concrete with higher efficiency and excellent performance, and multifunctional building materials such as glass, ceramics, and coatings that can improve the living environment and health care functions of the home have all achieved technological breakthroughs.

We can proudly say that China has the world's most advanced cement plants, cement equipment manufacturing plants, fiberglass plants, and flat glass plants. China's blast furnace slag, power plant fly ash, industrial paragypsum and other solid waste utilization levels have also entered the world. Go ahead.

In order to standardize the order of the green building materials market and promote the development of the industry, inspections, evaluations, and accreditations related to green building materials products have also been carried out in succession.

In 1993, China issued the environmental label. In 1994, it first implemented the environmental label in the six categories of 18 products. Water-based paint was the first batch of products that used the environmental label in building materials.

Since 1996, the State Environmental Protection Administration has carried out the pilot work of ISO14000 environmental management system certification nationwide. Through the establishment and operation of an environmental management system, companies have achieved remarkable results in reducing material consumption, energy consumption, and lowering production costs, which not only increase economic benefits, but also increase social and environmental benefits, and at the same time improve the company's international competitiveness.

Subsequently, a series of standards to control the production of pollution emissions, strengthen product quality management, and evaluate the performance of products were introduced. Some inspection and certification organizations also emerged. In 2010, in response to the international frontier issues of green building materials science and the greening of building materials, China's first national key laboratories of enterprises, which are centered on the application of basic theoretical research throughout the material life cycle, are also the State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials. The completion of the China Building Materials Science Research Institute has promoted industrial technological progress and industrial upgrading.

In the past 20 years, in order to guide the production, research and development and consumption of green building materials, the Chinese government has successively introduced a series of policies and regulations, which has greatly promoted the development of China’s traditional building materials in the direction of greenization, and has enabled China’s building materials industry to develop technologies, processes and equipment. Made great progress.

“The rapid development of China’s economic construction, the construction of a large number of key national projects, the rapid advancement of rural urbanization, and the rapid development of the construction and transportation industry have promoted the vigorous development of green building materials. However, the biggest contribution to green building materials is no more than 2008. Beijing Olympics: The concept of green building was proposed in the context of the Green Olympics, said Tong Jifeng, a ceramics institute of the China Building Materials Science Research Institute. The concept of the Green Olympics runs through the construction of large-scale Olympic venues and the construction of urban infrastructure. The concept of "four sections and one environmental protection" for green buildings has spawned a large number of new types of materials with the characteristics of saving materials, saving water, land, energy, and environmental protection. Building materials also make a lot of new materials a success in the application of iconic green buildings. Everyone's attention to green building materials has reached an unprecedented height at this time.

"Green" in the future from production to construction, use, and recycling, the building materials industry has quietly achieved a sublimation from light green to dark green, to pan-green.

Although the green wind has already blown across the land of China, but from a set of data, we can still see that the application of green building materials is not satisfactory. Of the existing 40 billion square meters of buildings in China, more than 95% are high-energy buildings; the energy consumption of doors and windows is three times that of developed countries; compared with developed countries with similar climatic conditions, China’s heating energy consumption per square meter of buildings About three times that of developed countries... Experts say that China’s real estate has just been connected to the world in environmental design, but its energy consumption has taken the lead in the world. Energy-consuming buildings, like a failing test paper, barely exposed the problems of production and application of green building materials.

Energy-intensive buildings are in stark contrast to the fast-growing green building materials industry. Is green building material "having no market price" or "famous without real estate"? Still can't adapt to increasingly stringent building energy efficiency standards?

“If we evaluate the whole life cycle from 'cradle to grave', we may not have green building materials in the full sense at present.” Deputy Chief Engineer of China Building Materials Inspection & Certification Center, which has been engaged in verification and research of green building materials for more than 10 years Jiang Yu said, "At present, China's certification work is mainly aimed at testing a single index of building materials products. We believe that this is not comprehensive for the evaluation of green building materials." He said frankly, the entire life cycle assessment is still only staying at During the theoretical research stage, this is a very complicated process. It is necessary to set every energy saving and environmental protection parameter of the product life cycle, so it is very difficult to implement.

It is understood that industry associations have also conducted recommendations and assessments of green building materials. However, due to the complexity of the types and the tedious operations, these tasks are limited to companies that participate in green exhibitions, and the testing content is also a number of indicators that people are more concerned about. Detection. Therefore, the so-called "green" is relative to traditional materials, or just a certain aspect of performance can achieve "green" requirements.

The reporter recently interviewed a person in charge of a company that produces energy-saving doors and windows. He is very sure about whether the product is a green building material. “According to the literal understanding of the new connotations put forward by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, our products have obtained the Ministry of Housing and Construction’s Energy Performance Marking for Building Doors and Windows, and there is no doubt about energy saving and emission reduction. In terms of safety, the products have excellent fireproof performance and can prolong the escape time. The main material of the doors and windows is wood, a natural material, and it is also recyclable." However, he said that it is just a matter of convenience that can only be understood on the surface and still not clear. The connotation of the new concept still needs to be further popularized. It is necessary to revise the new standard so that the green product has a clear basis for judgment.

“We will formulate green building materials standards according to the new definition of the Ministry of Industry and Information and carry out research on evaluation of green building materials.” According to the requirements of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Jiang Yan said, it must focus on the impact of building materials restructuring and the development of green buildings. The five categories of high-performance concrete, energy-saving glass, water-saving sanitary ware, ceramic thin brick, and exterior wall thermal insulation materials promote the standardization of green building products and the preparation of green building product catalogs. The China Building Materials Science Research Institute will also use this Conduct research as an entry point.

This year, the country has placed great emphasis on green building materials. In January, the General Office of the State Council transmitted the "Green Building Action Plan" formulated by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development to the State Administration of Development (2013) No. 1; the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology also strengthened the investigation of green building materials. In this regard, Tong Jifeng believes that it is a very good thing for the industry to promote the development of green building materials from the national level. This practice is also leading in the world. The government's attention has made the direction of green building materials clearer, and it has also increased the enthusiasm and confidence of people engaged in R&D and promotion of green building materials.

He said that green building materials are the foundation for supporting the development of green buildings, and green buildings are important carriers for green building materials. It is necessary to find a joint between construction units and industries and enterprises. Green building materials should be suitable for green building in the Action Plan for Green Building. The request. "Three points of materials, seven points of construction", construction is the key to whether the building materials can achieve the design effect. Therefore, if green building materials can really play the role of green and achieve green results, all relevant departments must fully cooperate. Let green building materials meet the requirements of green buildings, so that green building materials standards can comprehensively cover every indicator in the production, use, and recycling processes. This process can be arduous and long.

From the current point of view, there are still many contradictions in the green building materials themselves, such as the contradiction between thermal insulation and thermal insulation in thermal insulation materials, the contradiction between technology introduction and cost increase, the contradiction between high performance and high price, the contradiction between materials and materials that cannot be matched, etc. These have yet to be solved by the relevant departments one by one to find the best balance. With the strong support of the country, although the road to green building materials development is awkward, the future will be bright and the prospects will be promising.

Looking forward to the future, a green city blueprint with green building materials as its main element is displayed before us.

Cement, glass, ceramics, wall materials and other building materials companies have achieved clean production. From then on, all humans can live in green homes that are not harassed by garbage, and garbage can be transformed into good ones, turning waste into treasure...

Under the blue sky and white clouds, the use of high-performance concrete, high-strength steel and other "longevity" building materials in the building for 100 years, even after the millennium age is still intact, stands upright, the achievements of future archeological miracles......

The integration of solar energy using energy-saving glass, new wall materials, fireproof and heat insulation materials, and fresh air system allows the world to enjoy the spring breeze all year round. People enjoy their lives in the warm winter and summer rooms...

Space-saving and resource-saving lightweight tiles make the room bright and refreshing; negative oxygen ions are released to paint and wallpaper, so that people can breathe natural breath indoors; no furniture or floors with harmful substances evaporate, let people live to one hundred The old age is no longer a rare thing; home water-saving sanitary ware, let our blue planet forever "moist skin" ... ...

When green building materials become everyone’s building materials and everyone’s building materials, the whole industry will also play “changing face”, resource-based industries will transform into resource-conserving industries, polluting enterprises will turn into waste models, and energy-consuming industries will transform into zero-loss industries. High-consumption buildings turned into low-carbon buildings...

This is the dream of the building materials industry and the dream of all mankind...