First, the variety selection
The varieties used for cultivation of cabbage are determined according to their cultivation purposes and time to market. Early-season mulching cultivation of small arch sheds mostly used early-maturing varieties, such as Zhonggan 11 , Beinong Zaosheng , 8398 , Primula, Yingchun, Chicken Cabbage, Bovine Cabbage, and Beijing Early Maturity. Maturing varieties such as Beijing Feng 1, 8 in Gan, autumn blue, Qiufeng, ideal No. 1, No. 1 Qingfeng, Xia Guang. Late-maturing varieties such as Huagan 2 , Dongnong 609 , Qiufeng, Yuefeng, Hanguang No. 1 , Xinfeng Cabbage, and Huang Miao Cabbage. Mid-late mature varieties are mostly used for summer and autumn cultivation.
Second, the cultivation season
Shenyang cabbage planting seedlings in early February, early April planting, harvesting in early June; summer cabbage seedlings in early April, early August harvest; autumn cabbage is usually planted in early June, the harvest began in early September.
Third, sowing seedlings
　　 1. The preparation of nutrient soil is generally made up of field soil, horse manure soil, grass charcoal and quick-acting fertilizer. The sandy loam soil is better. The proportion of preparation is 60% ― 75% of field soil, 15% ― 25% of horse manure grass soil, and bed soil per cubic meter. Add compound fertilizer 1 - 1.5 kg and mix well until use.
　　 2. Seed treatment In order to increase the seed germination rate, it can be soaked in warm water at 50 °C - 55 °C for 15 minutes, then naturally immersed for about 3 hours, and the squid is placed at 22 °C - 24 °C to germination, pay attention to maintain humidity, generally 36 hours. Budding, until 80% of the seeds are germinated to be sown.
　　 3. Seeding method The seedling bed is leveled, the bottom water is poured, and after the water seeps, a thin layer is passed through the sieve soil, and then planted. Seeding rate of about 4 grams per square meter, a uniform casing 8 after sowing --10 mm. To prevent the occurrence of damping-off, 50% of available carbendazim WP sterilized soil per square meter 7--10 grams of mixed within the casing. The greenhouse soil temperature is higher, and the seedlings can be dried after pouring the bottom water.
　　 4. Seedling period management Before the emergence of seedlings, the daytime temperature is 20 °C - 25 °C, and the nighttime temperature is 13 °C - 15 °C. After the seedlings are unearthed, the wind will be properly released, and the seedlings will be cooled and dehumidified, 12 °C - 15 °C during the day , 5 °C - 8 °C during the night , and then gradually increase the temperature, 15 °C - 20 °C during the day and 8 °C - 10 °C during the night . When the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart, the seedlings are transplanted, and after the seedlings are transplanted, the water is poured, and the temperature is appropriately increased. After slow seedlings, it is necessary to ventilate in time, cool down the management, and prevent the length of the child. When the stem diameter of the seedlings is more than 0.5 cm, the temperature should be kept above 15 °C as much as possible to avoid the phenomenon of immature convulsions through the vernalization stage. Spring cabbage is generally used sterile male Ponds, seedling 50--70 days. When planting 5--10 centimeter at temperatures in claim 5 ℃ - 8 ℃. Before planting 5--7 on days seedling to be cold acclimation to adapt to external conditions.
Fourth, soil preparation and fertilization
The planting of the cabbage plant should be combined with the application of organic fertilizer in advance, and the soil should be made into a bed or ridged to cover the mulch. Early spring planting early maturing varieties planted acres 5000--5500 strain cooked 4000--5000 strain late 2000--3000 strains. Before transplanting, use eye-catching equipment and watering to colonize.
Five, fertilizer and water management
After mulching cultivation in early spring, the watering should be properly controlled to increase the ground temperature. If there is cold weather, ammonium sulfate can be applied in advance of 15 - 22.5 kg per mu . And irrigation can enhance the cold resistance of plants. Rosette stage for a top dressing, Mushi available nitrogen 15--20 kg rosette stage may be suitably controlled watering, timely weeding. In the summer and autumn cultivation of cabbage, due to the selection of mid-late maturing varieties or bare ground planting, it is necessary to pay attention to cultivating and weeding, increase the number of top dressings to control irrigation, pay attention to drainage after rain, and prevent rotten roots and leaf ball rot from standing water in the field.
Sixth, pest control
　　 1. Soft rot focuses on the selection of non-cruciferous crops of the former crops and the application of fully decomposed farmyard manure. In the summer, sorghum is cultivated to cultivate strong seedlings. For the prevention and treatment of the drug, dilute the original powder of dikesone with 1000 times of water , or root with the solution of agricultural streptomycin 200 mg / kg.
　　 2. Black rots use disease-resistant varieties, rational rotation, clean up the pastoral, control pests, reduce wounds, and scientific irrigation. Soak seeds with 0.5% dexamethasone for 15 minutes before sowing , or soak seeds in warm water at 50 °C for 25 minutes. Before the onset and at the onset of the disease, mix 60% of mycophenoline or 35% of toxic mycorrhizal, add 50% thiram 1 : 1, mix well, add 500 times of water , or use agricultural streptomycin 200 mg / kg or new plant ADM 200 mg / kg 6--7 days, spray, control 2--3 times, it can also be used agricultural anti 75--1 dressing and vegetable and b Fengning IRRIGATING prevention.
　　 3. The locusts clear the weeds in time, and remove the dead leaves of the residual plants in time to eliminate the mites. According to the positive tendency of aphids to yellow and the negative tendency to silver gray, the yellow plate is used to induce cockroaches or to avoid cockroaches with silver ash film. Chemical control 40% of available dimethoate EC or 50% off pine aphid EC 1000 times spray, or pirimicarb WP 2000 with 50% --3000 times spraying, effective on cabbage aphids. Of 6 - 7 days 1, and even spray 2--3 times.
　　 4. Cabbage worms clear the fallen leaves in the field, plow the soil, avoid continuous cropping or intercropping with the same vegetables. The chemical control can be sprayed with Bacillus thuringiensis 500 - 1000 times solution, or with 20% of pyrethroid emulsifiable concentrate 2000 - 3000 times liquid spray control, and can also be controlled by larvae granule virus preparation.
Seven, harvest
When the leaf ball is basically covered and the outer ball leaves are bright, it is harvested in time. Gradually harvest the plots that are not neat.
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