With the improvement of the quality of life, people enjoy the convenience of the car, and the requirements for the aesthetics and comfort of the car are getting higher and higher. At the same time, the appearance of the car and the refined quality of the interior have higher requirements. .
At present, in the design of the car, the front hatch is gradually equipped with a gas spring. In order to solve the problems of shrinking the assembly space and shielding the sheet metal void, the fine design of the cover plates on the front panel of the front wind window is timely. . Due to the small size, flexible design, easy process control and low cost, many of the front windshield decorative panels need to be considered in the initial design. However, the small size does not mean easy design, and the design of the boundary layout of the piece has been difficult. In order to ensure the quality, this article will ensure the effective connection with the fender to ensure the fit; how to fit the windshield and ensure that it does not lift; how to ensure the card body is firmly connected with the front windshield; Design analysis.
Side cover installation method design
The installation quality requirements for the cover plates on the side panels of the front windshield are: the cover plate cannot be obviously shaken or detached after installation, and the tip of the cover plate is required to be lifted, and the cover plate and the fender plate, the front windshield, and the front are required. The fit between the main body of the decorative panel under the wind window is tight, and there is no problem such as matching clearance. Therefore, it is necessary to design a reasonable lap joint structure, and try to select materials with appropriate hardness to avoid problems such as deformation and warpage.
1. Installation method
There are three main installation schemes for the decorative panels under the front windshield:
(1) The back side of the cover plate of both sides of the solution is matched with the peripheral parts by hook connection design, and the fixing and fixing of the fender board, the front decorative window body and the front windshield are all in a snap-fit ​​relationship.
(2) The back of the two side covers of the scheme 2 is matched with the front windshield fascia body and the front windshield by a snap-fit ​​structure, and is fixed by screwing with the fender.
(3) The material of the cover plate on both sides of the scheme is designed with rubber elastic body, and the main body of the decorative panel under the front wind window is double-injected into one body, and the fender and the front windshield are hooked by hooks.
2. Specific implementation plan
(1) The design of the hook on the back of the cover of both sides of the scheme is matched with the surrounding parts.
The back side of the cover on both sides of the solution is designed with a hook structure to match the surrounding parts. Taking the design of the matching structure of the cover plate and the fender as an example, in order to ensure that the cover plate and the fender are fitted tightly and seamlessly, and the appearance quality design requirements are met, it is usually required to arrange one at each end of the mating side of the cover plate. For the middle part of the mating edge, it is necessary to appropriately increase the fixing point according to the length of the mating edge to ensure reliable cooperation; in addition, the specific design of the clip requires special attention to the specific section structure of the clip, and the height of the flange of the clip is The groove width, groove depth and strength need to be given accurate calculation and detailed structural design according to the flange size of the fender. The snap-fit ​​structure of the cover plate and the lower fascia body and the mating side of the cover plate and the glass are also designed to be similarly considered.
In the choice of raw materials, the cover of the scheme is often made of rubber materials, mainly TPE, PP+EPM, PP+EPDM, etc. The products produced by this kind of materials are soft in hardness, good in elasticity and deformable, which is beneficial to the cooperation and assembly of the products. At the same time, because the product can be deformed, it can absorb certain manufacturing tolerances, thus making it easier to ensure the quality of the product.
Due to the rubber parts, the product deformation is more common, and the process control consistency is difficult. Therefore, in order to prevent deformation, a reasonable reinforcing rib should be designed on the back of the product to avoid different degrees of deformation in the later stage. The design of the ribs also requires extensive design experience to avoid design changes due to quality problems caused by design defects. Therefore, special attention and attention should be paid to the data design process. If necessary, please have experienced engineers and experts to design and guide.
At present, the models on the market are more common, and there are mature and numerous matching structures that can be used for reference. For example, Toyota RV4 and Hyundai IX35 adopt this type of installation. The main advantages are that the cover plate product is small, the mold development cost is low, the development cycle is relatively short, and the structure is relatively reliable, which is beneficial to reducing development cost investment and saving development cycle. The shortcoming is that the product structure design is relatively cumbersome, and the design of the product and the glass is not easy to cooperate with the failure, resulting in the quality problem.
(2) Scheme 2: The cover plates at both ends of the solution are also independent plastic parts, and the connection structure between the cover plate and the front windshield fascia body and the front windshield glass is the same as the plan snap-on structure; and the cover plate and the fender plate In the cooperation, instead of the snap-fit ​​structure of the above scheme 1, the cover plate is fixed to the fender plate by screw fixing, and the two side cover plates are fixed to the fender plate by screws. At present, some models on the market adopt this structure, such as Mazda2, Mazda CT-7, and Pentium B70.
The cover of the structural scheme generally uses a hard type PP material in the selection of raw materials. The PP material has lower cost than the rubber material, and the production adopts the general injection molding process. The supplier's process capability for producing the injection molded part is relatively low, and the elasticity and deformability of the product produced by the material are reduced, and the hardness of the product is increased. The shape stability of the product is good and it is not easily deformed.
In the market, most of Mazda's various models, the two sides of the cover are similar structure, this design greatly shortens the development verification time and reduces the design risk. However, the requirements of this design for the peripheral parts are also correspondingly improved: for example, the glass is generally used with a edging strip; the shape of the flaps of the flaps is not required to change much; the amount of activity of the front wiper, the body flow tank The arrangement, the arrangement of the hinge hinges, etc. are all required to be relatively high; the consistency of the white body is relatively high.
The structure is fixed by screws, and the structure is more reliable. It is easier to ensure that the mating edge of the cover fits with the fender to ensure the appearance and quality of the product; the disadvantage is that the screw is exposed and has an influence on the appearance.
The advantage of this design method is that it fits well with the fender, the glass and the body, and the material texture is consistent with the decorative panel under the wind window, and the appearance is good. The disadvantage is that the requirements for the profile of a single piece are high, the deformation of a single piece has a great influence on the matching, and the product consistency requirement for the entire peripheral system is high.
(3) The two side cover plates of the scheme 3 and the decorative panel under the front wind window adopt an integrated forming process, that is, the two end cover plates and the front decorative panel body of the front wind window are integrally formed by double injection molding or double material injection molding, and the cover plate and the front are omitted. A structural connection process is required between the lower fascia bodies, and the rest needs to be designed to be snap-fitted between the end and the fender and the front windshield. This design scheme requires double injection molding equipment or two molds for the production of decorative panels under the front wind window. The technical requirements are relatively high, the equipment investment is relatively large, and the cost per piece is relatively high. Shangrongwei 350, Volkswagen LaVida, Honda Accord, etc. use this fixed method.
The material of this design is made of soft material and TPE-like material, which is compatible with the polarity of the material selected from the body to ensure sufficient connection strength between the soft edge and the body.
The main advantage of the scheme is that the front lower fascia body and the end cover can be integrated into one body, and the appearance consistency is good, especially the fit with the fender is high, the appearance looks smoother and more beautiful, and there is no quality problem. The connection is more reliable. The main disadvantages are more investment in tooling equipment, increased product development costs, higher requirements for production technology, and increased manufacturing difficulty.
The reason why the application degree of this kind of structure is relatively lower than that of the first scheme and the second scheme cannot be widely applied. In addition to the cost and the process reason, the double-injection of the cover plates on both sides of the design scheme directly increases the length of the whole piece to form a slender shape. The product makes the deformation difficult to control. In addition, when the product is stored, the anti-falling and appearance protection of the cover plates at both ends are also problematic.
Design proposal
According to the comparative analysis of the above three schemes, it is suggested that the first scheme is adopted in the development of new models, that is, the design hooks on the back sides of the two side covers are matched with the fenders, the decorative panel body under the front windshield, and the glass. This design has better performance than the surrounding parts, and the design flexibility is relatively high; the card design has high reliability; the domestic majority of the two sides of the cover design adopts a full-card structure, and many reference schemes. This design has clear advantages and is currently a more reliable and new model that can be implemented quickly.
Conclusion
Regarding the installation design of the two sides of the decorative panel under the front windshield with the fender and the front windshield, the design schemes of different OEMs can be designed according to their own experience, and different schemes can be adopted for different grades. . The implementation of the final solution will also be verified by product testing. Several design solutions mentioned in this paper can provide some reference for the design of this product.
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