Ocean energy resources, also known as: marine power resources, refers to renewable energy sources attached to seawater. The ocean receives, stores, and dissipates energy through various physical processes. The energy exists in the ocean in the form of tides, waves, temperature differences, salinity gradients, and currents. Its common features are: 1 large reserves, renewable. It is estimated that the global seawater temperature differential energy can use 10 billion kilowatts, and the renewable power such as tidal energy, wave energy, ocean current energy, sea salt and energy difference is about 1 billion kilowatts; 2 uneven distribution of energy flow and low density. The large temperature difference between the ocean surface layer and the depth of 500 to 1000 meters is only about 20 degrees Celsius, the large tidal range on the coast is about 7 to 10 meters, and the large tidal current in the offshore area is only 4 to 7 knots/hour; 3 the energy is variable and unstable. Among them, the changes of seawater temperature difference energy, ocean current energy, and salt difference energy are slow, and tidal and tidal currents can change in a short-term and periodic manner, and wave energy has significant randomness.
Seawater temperature difference energy is thermal energy, sea salt difference energy is chemical energy, and tide, current, current, and wave energy are all mechanical energy. Tides and currents can come from the Earth's rotation and the lunar and solar gravitational forces. Other oceanic energy comes from solar radiation. In which tidal energy is the energy generated by the rotation of the earth, it is transmitted to the ocean through the gravitational effect of the sun and the moon, and is stored by long-periodic waves; wave energy is generated by the action of wind and takes a short period in the form of potential energy and kinetic energy. Wave storage.
The industrial scale development of tidal energy began in the 1960s. In November 1966, France built the world's first productive tidal power station with an installed capacity of 240,000 kilowatts at the Lance estuary in Saint-Malo Bay, generating 544 million kWh annually. Since the end of the 1960s, a batch of tidal power stations have been built successively in countries including the Soviet Union, Britain, the United States, and Canada. Since the 1970s, the development of wave and ocean thermal power generation has developed rapidly. Japan and the United States have successively built experimental wave and thermoelectric power stations. At present, the development and utilization of currents, currents, seawater pressure differences, and poor ocean salinity are still in the test preparation stage.
China's tidal energy is also considerable. Its reserves are 180 million kilowatts, and the total installed capacity for development is about 36 million kilowatts, which can generate 90 billion kilowatt-hours. The twists and turns of the coastlines of Zhejiang and Fujian provinces are relatively large, and the tides there can account for 80% of the coastal areas of the country. The tidal energy reserves in Zhejiang Province are particularly rich, with about 10 million kilowatts, and the tidal range at the mouth of the Qiantang River reaches 8.9 meters, making it the ideal estuary for the construction of tidal power plants. There are a total of 8 Chaozhou power stations built and long-running in China with a total installed capacity of 7,245 kilowatts. China's wave power generation is mainly focused on the research of small-scale pneumatic devices, and it is used as a navigation light at sea.
Guangxi has a series of twists and turns along the coastline with numerous harbors. It is located in the ventral area of ​​the Beibu Gulf tidal wave system with an average tidal range of 2.42 meters and a maximum tidal range of 6.25 meters. According to preliminary survey results of the survey carried out by the Qinzhou Survey and Design Team of the Water Conservancy Bureau of the Autonomous Region in 1980, the theoretical reserves of tidal energy in Guangxi's coastal areas reached 4.7 billion kWh, and there are 18 ports with a capacity of 500 kWh that can be built, with a total installed capacity of 38.7 kW. About 11 billion degrees. The wave energy reserves along the coast of Guangxi Province are 239,900 kilowatts, the island wave energy reserves are 291,500 kilowatts, and the total is about 520,000 kilowatts. The available wave energy resources are 52,000 kilowatts. The trend energy reserves of the six major harbors at Longmen Port, Pearl Harbor, Fangcheng Port, Dafeng River Estuary, Beihai Port, and Tieshan Port of the Guangxi coast are 1,2721.5 kilowatts, and the ocean current energy reserves are 181.2 kilowatts.
In early 1977, Guangxi built a small experimental tidal power plant in the fruit hill of Qinzhou. It only operated until mid-1983, and its reservoir has been changed to shrimp pond. The development of wave energy, tidal energy, and current energy is not yet on the agenda due to technical and cost reasons.
Seawater temperature difference energy is thermal energy, sea salt difference energy is chemical energy, and tide, current, current, and wave energy are all mechanical energy. Tides and currents can come from the Earth's rotation and the lunar and solar gravitational forces. Other oceanic energy comes from solar radiation. In which tidal energy is the energy generated by the rotation of the earth, it is transmitted to the ocean through the gravitational effect of the sun and the moon, and is stored by long-periodic waves; wave energy is generated by the action of wind and takes a short period in the form of potential energy and kinetic energy. Wave storage.
The industrial scale development of tidal energy began in the 1960s. In November 1966, France built the world's first productive tidal power station with an installed capacity of 240,000 kilowatts at the Lance estuary in Saint-Malo Bay, generating 544 million kWh annually. Since the end of the 1960s, a batch of tidal power stations have been built successively in countries including the Soviet Union, Britain, the United States, and Canada. Since the 1970s, the development of wave and ocean thermal power generation has developed rapidly. Japan and the United States have successively built experimental wave and thermoelectric power stations. At present, the development and utilization of currents, currents, seawater pressure differences, and poor ocean salinity are still in the test preparation stage.
China's tidal energy is also considerable. Its reserves are 180 million kilowatts, and the total installed capacity for development is about 36 million kilowatts, which can generate 90 billion kilowatt-hours. The twists and turns of the coastlines of Zhejiang and Fujian provinces are relatively large, and the tides there can account for 80% of the coastal areas of the country. The tidal energy reserves in Zhejiang Province are particularly rich, with about 10 million kilowatts, and the tidal range at the mouth of the Qiantang River reaches 8.9 meters, making it the ideal estuary for the construction of tidal power plants. There are a total of 8 Chaozhou power stations built and long-running in China with a total installed capacity of 7,245 kilowatts. China's wave power generation is mainly focused on the research of small-scale pneumatic devices, and it is used as a navigation light at sea.
Guangxi has a series of twists and turns along the coastline with numerous harbors. It is located in the ventral area of ​​the Beibu Gulf tidal wave system with an average tidal range of 2.42 meters and a maximum tidal range of 6.25 meters. According to preliminary survey results of the survey carried out by the Qinzhou Survey and Design Team of the Water Conservancy Bureau of the Autonomous Region in 1980, the theoretical reserves of tidal energy in Guangxi's coastal areas reached 4.7 billion kWh, and there are 18 ports with a capacity of 500 kWh that can be built, with a total installed capacity of 38.7 kW. About 11 billion degrees. The wave energy reserves along the coast of Guangxi Province are 239,900 kilowatts, the island wave energy reserves are 291,500 kilowatts, and the total is about 520,000 kilowatts. The available wave energy resources are 52,000 kilowatts. The trend energy reserves of the six major harbors at Longmen Port, Pearl Harbor, Fangcheng Port, Dafeng River Estuary, Beihai Port, and Tieshan Port of the Guangxi coast are 1,2721.5 kilowatts, and the ocean current energy reserves are 181.2 kilowatts.
In early 1977, Guangxi built a small experimental tidal power plant in the fruit hill of Qinzhou. It only operated until mid-1983, and its reservoir has been changed to shrimp pond. The development of wave energy, tidal energy, and current energy is not yet on the agenda due to technical and cost reasons.
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