Vernier caliper introduction
English [verniercaliper] well-known brands: Swiss TESA, German asimeto, Swedish clifen, poetry measuring Japanese Mitutoyo, An Yi measuring tools, volume, volume, amount, work.
The vernier caliper is a measuring tool for measuring the length, the inner and outer diameter, and the depth. The vernier caliper consists of a main ruler and a vernier attached to the main ruler. If viewed from the back, the cursor is a whole. There is a spring piece between the cursor and the ruler, and the spring force of the spring piece is used to make the cursor and the ruler body tight. The upper part of the cursor has a fastening screw that secures the cursor to any position on the ruler. The main ruler is usually in millimeters, while the cursor has 10, 20 or 50 compartments. According to the different compartments, the vernier caliper can be divided into a ten-degree vernier caliper, a twenty-degree vernier caliper, and a fifty-degree vernier caliper. The vernier caliper has two movable jaws on the main ruler and the vernier, the inner measuring claw and the outer measuring claw. The inner measuring claw is usually used to measure the inner diameter, and the outer measuring claw is usually used to measure the length and the outer diameter. The depth gauge is attached to the vernier scale to measure the depth of the groove and the barrel.
In a diverse family of measuring instruments, the vernier caliper is a widely used high-precision measuring tool. It is an extension and extension of the ruler ruler. It originated in China. In the early days of ancient times, the length of the measurement was mainly made of wood or rope, or the method of using a step by step. After the unit system of the length was obtained, a ruler ruler appeared. This ruled ruler was used in ancient Egypt in 3000 BC, and was used in the summer merchants of China in 2000 BC. It was mainly made of ivory and jade until the appearance of the bronze ruler. Advanced measurement tools are used in production and astronomical measurements.
China's Han Dynasty developed science and technology, and invented a large number of advanced instruments and instruments that lead the world at that time, such as Haotianyi, geodetic instrument, water drainage, etc. The birth of these circular shaft parts indicates the birth of this line ruler in China. The new bronze caliper collected in the National Museum of Beijing, after the expert research, is the earliest caliper found in the world, manufactured in the year 9 AD, more than 1900 years ago. Compared with China, the invention of foreign calipers in the field of calipers is more than 1000 years later. The earliest is the British caliper ruler, which looks like a vernier caliper. However, like the new copper caliper, it is just a caliper with precision and scope of use. Lower.
The most modern measured value of the vernier caliper is generally believed to have been invented by the Frenchman Jonny Bill. He is a well-known mathematician who describes the structure and principle of the vernier caliper in his mathematical monograph "The Structure, Use and Characteristics of the New Quadrant", and his name Vernier becomes the word of the English cursor. to date. This famous vernier caliper has not been seen so far, so some people question whether he made a vernier caliper. In the middle of the 19th century, the American machinery industry developed rapidly. The founder of American Sharp Machinery Co., Ltd. and the autumn of 1985 successfully produced the world's first four 0-4 inch vernier calipers with an accuracy of 0.001 mm. In 1854, vernier calipers were commonly used in Holland, France, Germany, and Britain. In 1856, vernier calipers were popularized in Japan, and the manufacturing technology of vernier calipers was gradually updated rapidly, making it a versatile length.
In May 1992, in Ganquan Township, Qijiang County, 8 kilometers northwest of Yangzhou City (now Ganquan Town, Qianjiang District), a brick chamber tomb in the early Eastern Han Dynasty was successfully cleaned. A copper caliper (see picture) was unearthed from the tomb. It consists of a fixed ruler and a movable ruler. The fixed ruler has a length of 13.3 cm and a fixed jaw length of 5.2 cm, a width of 0.9 cm, and a thickness of 0.5 cm. The upper end of the fixed ruler has a fish-shaped handle and is 13 cm long. A guide groove is opened in the middle, and a guide pin capable of rotating and adjusting is built in the groove, and the guide groove is moved left and right. Indirect ring handles in the movable ruler and the movable jaws for easy tethering or gripping. When the two claws are combined, the fixed ruler is as long as the movable ruler. When using, hold the fish-shaped handle with your left hand, pull the ring handle with your right hand, and pull it to the left and right to measure the workpiece. The gauge can be used to measure the diameter of the object, as well as the depth and length, width and thickness of the device, which are more convenient and precise than the ruler. Unfortunately, due to the age, the gauges and the inscriptions on the fixed ruler and the movable ruler have been rusted and difficult to identify.
Eastern Han copper caliper
The unearthing of the original copper caliper of the Eastern Han Dynasty corrected the concept that the world used to think that the vernier caliper was invented by European and American scientists. The British Encyclopedia, published in 1973, Vol. 10, p. 402, describes the vernier caliper invented in 1631 by the French mathematician Pierre Vernier [Vanil Pi] in 1581-637 AD.
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Tag: Vernier Caliper Claw High Precision Measurement Caliper Measurement Tool
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